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*=======================================================================
* Program: STREAM
* Programmer: John D. McCalpin
* RCS Revision: $Id: stream.f,v 5.6 2005/10/04 00:20:48 mccalpin Exp mccalpin $
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Copyright 1991-2003: John D. McCalpin
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* License:
* 1. You are free to use this program and/or to redistribute
* this program.
* 2. You are free to modify this program for your own use,
* including commercial use, subject to the publication
* restrictions in item 3.
* 3. You are free to publish results obtained from running this
* program, or from works that you derive from this program,
* with the following limitations:
* 3a. In order to be referred to as "STREAM benchmark results",
* published results must be in conformance to the STREAM
* Run Rules, (briefly reviewed below) published at
* http://www.cs.virginia.edu/stream/ref.html
* and incorporated herein by reference.
* As the copyright holder, John McCalpin retains the
* right to determine conformity with the Run Rules.
* 3b. Results based on modified source code or on runs not in
* accordance with the STREAM Run Rules must be clearly
* labelled whenever they are published. Examples of
* proper labelling include:
* "tuned STREAM benchmark results"
* "based on a variant of the STREAM benchmark code"
* Other comparable, clear and reasonable labelling is
* acceptable.
* 3c. Submission of results to the STREAM benchmark web site
* is encouraged, but not required.
* 4. Use of this program or creation of derived works based on this
* program constitutes acceptance of these licensing restrictions.
* 5. Absolutely no warranty is expressed or implied.
*-----------------------------------------------------------------------
* This program measures sustained memory transfer rates in MB/s for
* simple computational kernels coded in FORTRAN.
*
* The intent is to demonstrate the extent to which ordinary user
* code can exploit the main memory bandwidth of the system under
* test.
*=======================================================================
* The STREAM web page is at:
* http://www.streambench.org
*
* Most of the content is currently hosted at:
* http://www.cs.virginia.edu/stream/
*
* BRIEF INSTRUCTIONS:
* 0) See http://www.cs.virginia.edu/stream/ref.html for details
* 1) STREAM requires a timing function called mysecond().
* Several examples are provided in this directory.
* "CPU" timers are only allowed for uniprocessor runs.
* "Wall-clock" timers are required for all multiprocessor runs.
* 2) The STREAM array sizes must be set to size the test.
* The value "N" must be chosen so that each of the three
* arrays is at least 4x larger than the sum of all the last-
* level caches used in the run, or 1 million elements, which-
* ever is larger.
* ------------------------------------------------------------
* Note that you are free to use any array length and offset
* that makes each array 4x larger than the last-level cache.
* The intent is to determine the *best* sustainable bandwidth
* available with this simple coding. Of course, lower values
* are usually fairly easy to obtain on cached machines, but
* by keeping the test to the *best* results, the answers are
* easier to interpret.
* You may put the arrays in common or not, at your discretion.
* There is a commented-out COMMON statement below.
* Fortran90 "allocatable" arrays are fine, too.
* ------------------------------------------------------------
* 3) Compile the code with full optimization. Many compilers
* generate unreasonably bad code before the optimizer tightens
* things up. If the results are unreasonably good, on the
* other hand, the optimizer might be too smart for me
* Please let me know if this happens.
* 4) Mail the results to mccalpin@cs.virginia.edu
* Be sure to include:
* a) computer hardware model number and software revision
* b) the compiler flags
* c) all of the output from the test case.
* Please let me know if you do not want your name posted along
* with the submitted results.
* 5) See the web page for more comments about the run rules and
* about interpretation of the results.
*
* Thanks,
* Dr. Bandwidth
*=========================================================================
*
PROGRAM stream
* IMPLICIT NONE
C .. Parameters ..
INTEGER n,offset,ndim,ntimes
PARAMETER (n=2000000,offset=0,ndim=n+offset,ntimes=10)
C ..
C .. Local Scalars ..
DOUBLE PRECISION scalar,t
INTEGER j,k,nbpw,quantum
C ..
C .. Local Arrays ..
DOUBLE PRECISION maxtime(4),mintime(4),avgtime(4),
$ times(4,ntimes)
INTEGER bytes(4)
CHARACTER label(4)*11
C ..
C .. External Functions ..
DOUBLE PRECISION mysecond
INTEGER checktick,realsize
EXTERNAL mysecond,checktick,realsize
!$ INTEGER omp_get_num_threads
!$ EXTERNAL omp_get_num_threads
C ..
C .. Intrinsic Functions ..
C
INTRINSIC dble,max,min,nint,sqrt
C ..
C .. Arrays in Common ..
DOUBLE PRECISION a(ndim),b(ndim),c(ndim)
C ..
C .. Common blocks ..
* COMMON a,b,c
C ..
C .. Data statements ..
DATA avgtime/4*0.0D0/,mintime/4*1.0D+36/,maxtime/4*0.0D0/
DATA label/'Copy: ','Scale: ','Add: ',
$ 'Triad: '/
DATA bytes/2,2,3,3/
C ..
* --- SETUP --- determine precision and check timing ---
nbpw = realsize()
PRINT *,'----------------------------------------------'
PRINT *,'STREAM Version $Revision: 5.6 $'
PRINT *,'----------------------------------------------'
WRITE (*,FMT=9010) 'Array size = ',n
WRITE (*,FMT=9010) 'Offset = ',offset
WRITE (*,FMT=9020) 'The total memory requirement is ',
$ 3*nbpw*n/ (1024*1024),' MB'
WRITE (*,FMT=9030) 'You are running each test ',ntimes,' times'
WRITE (*,FMT=9030) '--'
WRITE (*,FMT=9030) 'The *best* time for each test is used'
WRITE (*,FMT=9030) '*EXCLUDING* the first and last iterations'
!$OMP PARALLEL
!$OMP MASTER
PRINT *,'----------------------------------------------'
!$ PRINT *,'Number of Threads = ',OMP_GET_NUM_THREADS()
!$OMP END MASTER
!$OMP END PARALLEL
PRINT *,'----------------------------------------------'
!$OMP PARALLEL
PRINT *,'Printing one line per active thread....'
!$OMP END PARALLEL
!$OMP PARALLEL DO
DO 10 j = 1,n
a(j) = 2.0d0
b(j) = 0.5D0
c(j) = 0.0D0
10 CONTINUE
t = mysecond()
!$OMP PARALLEL DO
DO 20 j = 1,n
a(j) = 0.5d0*a(j)
20 CONTINUE
t = mysecond() - t
PRINT *,'----------------------------------------------------'
quantum = checktick()
WRITE (*,FMT=9000)
$ 'Your clock granularity/precision appears to be ',quantum,
$ ' microseconds'
PRINT *,'----------------------------------------------------'
* --- MAIN LOOP --- repeat test cases NTIMES times ---
scalar = 0.5d0*a(1)
DO 70 k = 1,ntimes
t = mysecond()
a(1) = a(1) + t
!$OMP PARALLEL DO
DO 30 j = 1,n
c(j) = a(j)
30 CONTINUE
t = mysecond() - t
c(n) = c(n) + t
times(1,k) = t
t = mysecond()
c(1) = c(1) + t
!$OMP PARALLEL DO
DO 40 j = 1,n
b(j) = scalar*c(j)
40 CONTINUE
t = mysecond() - t
b(n) = b(n) + t
times(2,k) = t
t = mysecond()
a(1) = a(1) + t
!$OMP PARALLEL DO
DO 50 j = 1,n
c(j) = a(j) + b(j)
50 CONTINUE
t = mysecond() - t
c(n) = c(n) + t
times(3,k) = t
t = mysecond()
b(1) = b(1) + t
!$OMP PARALLEL DO
DO 60 j = 1,n
a(j) = b(j) + scalar*c(j)
60 CONTINUE
t = mysecond() - t
a(n) = a(n) + t
times(4,k) = t
70 CONTINUE
* --- SUMMARY ---
DO 90 k = 2,ntimes
DO 80 j = 1,4
avgtime(j) = avgtime(j) + times(j,k)
mintime(j) = min(mintime(j),times(j,k))
maxtime(j) = max(maxtime(j),times(j,k))
80 CONTINUE
90 CONTINUE
WRITE (*,FMT=9040)
DO 100 j = 1,4
avgtime(j) = avgtime(j)/dble(ntimes-1)
WRITE (*,FMT=9050) label(j),n*bytes(j)*nbpw/mintime(j)/1.0D6,
$ avgtime(j),mintime(j),maxtime(j)
100 CONTINUE
PRINT *,'----------------------------------------------------'
CALL checksums (a,b,c,n,ntimes)
PRINT *,'----------------------------------------------------'
9000 FORMAT (1x,a,i6,a)
9010 FORMAT (1x,a,i10)
9020 FORMAT (1x,a,i4,a)
9030 FORMAT (1x,a,i3,a,a)
9040 FORMAT ('Function',5x,'Rate (MB/s) Avg time Min time Max time'
$ )
9050 FORMAT (a,4 (f10.4,2x))
END
*-------------------------------------
* INTEGER FUNCTION dblesize()
*
* A semi-portable way to determine the precision of DOUBLE PRECISION
* in Fortran.
* Here used to guess how many bytes of storage a DOUBLE PRECISION
* number occupies.
*
INTEGER FUNCTION realsize()
* IMPLICIT NONE
C .. Local Scalars ..
DOUBLE PRECISION result,test
INTEGER j,ndigits
C ..
C .. Local Arrays ..
DOUBLE PRECISION ref(30)
C ..
C .. External Subroutines ..
EXTERNAL confuse
C ..
C .. Intrinsic Functions ..
INTRINSIC abs,acos,log10,sqrt
C ..
C Test #1 - compare single(1.0d0+delta) to 1.0d0
10 DO 20 j = 1,30
ref(j) = 1.0d0 + 10.0d0** (-j)
20 CONTINUE
DO 30 j = 1,30
test = ref(j)
ndigits = j
CALL confuse(test,result)
IF (test.EQ.1.0D0) THEN
GO TO 40
END IF
30 CONTINUE
GO TO 50
40 WRITE (*,FMT='(a)')
$ '----------------------------------------------'
WRITE (*,FMT='(1x,a,i2,a)') 'Double precision appears to have ',
$ ndigits,' digits of accuracy'
IF (ndigits.LE.8) THEN
realsize = 4
ELSE
realsize = 8
END IF
WRITE (*,FMT='(1x,a,i1,a)') 'Assuming ',realsize,
$ ' bytes per DOUBLE PRECISION word'
WRITE (*,FMT='(a)')
$ '----------------------------------------------'
RETURN
50 PRINT *,'Hmmmm. I am unable to determine the size.'
PRINT *,'Please enter the number of Bytes per DOUBLE PRECISION',
$ ' number : '
READ (*,FMT=*) realsize
IF (realsize.NE.4 .AND. realsize.NE.8) THEN
PRINT *,'Your answer ',realsize,' does not make sense.'
PRINT *,'Try again.'
PRINT *,'Please enter the number of Bytes per ',
$ 'DOUBLE PRECISION number : '
READ (*,FMT=*) realsize
END IF
PRINT *,'You have manually entered a size of ',realsize,
$ ' bytes per DOUBLE PRECISION number'
WRITE (*,FMT='(a)')
$ '----------------------------------------------'
END
SUBROUTINE confuse(q,r)
* IMPLICIT NONE
C .. Scalar Arguments ..
DOUBLE PRECISION q,r
C ..
C .. Intrinsic Functions ..
INTRINSIC cos
C ..
r = cos(q)
RETURN
END
* A semi-portable way to determine the clock granularity
* Adapted from a code by John Henning of Digital Equipment Corporation
*
INTEGER FUNCTION checktick()
* IMPLICIT NONE
C .. Parameters ..
INTEGER n
PARAMETER (n=20)
C ..
C .. Local Scalars ..
DOUBLE PRECISION t1,t2
INTEGER i,j,jmin
C ..
C .. Local Arrays ..
DOUBLE PRECISION timesfound(n)
C ..
C .. External Functions ..
DOUBLE PRECISION mysecond
EXTERNAL mysecond
C ..
C .. Intrinsic Functions ..
INTRINSIC max,min,nint
C ..
i = 0
10 t2 = mysecond()
IF (t2.EQ.t1) GO TO 10
t1 = t2
i = i + 1
timesfound(i) = t1
IF (i.LT.n) GO TO 10
jmin = 1000000
DO 20 i = 2,n
j = nint((timesfound(i)-timesfound(i-1))*1d6)
jmin = min(jmin,max(j,0))
20 CONTINUE
IF (jmin.GT.0) THEN
checktick = jmin
ELSE
PRINT *,'Your clock granularity appears to be less ',
$ 'than one microsecond'
checktick = 1
END IF
RETURN
* PRINT 14, timesfound(1)*1d6
* DO 20 i=2,n
* PRINT 14, timesfound(i)*1d6,
* & nint((timesfound(i)-timesfound(i-1))*1d6)
* 14 FORMAT (1X, F18.4, 1X, i8)
* 20 CONTINUE
END
SUBROUTINE checksums(a,b,c,n,ntimes)
* IMPLICIT NONE
C ..
C .. Arguments ..
DOUBLE PRECISION a(*),b(*),c(*)
INTEGER n,ntimes
C ..
C .. Local Scalars ..
DOUBLE PRECISION aa,bb,cc,scalar,suma,sumb,sumc,epsilon
INTEGER k
C ..
C Repeat the main loop, but with scalars only.
C This is done to check the sum & make sure all
C iterations have been executed correctly.
aa = 2.0D0
bb = 0.5D0
cc = 0.0D0
aa = 0.5D0*aa
scalar = 0.5d0*aa
DO k = 1,ntimes
cc = aa
bb = scalar*cc
cc = aa + bb
aa = bb + scalar*cc
END DO
aa = aa*DBLE(n-2)
bb = bb*DBLE(n-2)
cc = cc*DBLE(n-2)
C Now sum up the arrays, excluding the first and last
C elements, which are modified using the timing results
C to confuse aggressive optimizers.
suma = 0.0d0
sumb = 0.0d0
sumc = 0.0d0
!$OMP PARALLEL DO REDUCTION(+:suma,sumb,sumc)
DO 110 j = 2,n-1
suma = suma + a(j)
sumb = sumb + b(j)
sumc = sumc + c(j)
110 CONTINUE
epsilon = 1.D-6
IF (ABS(suma-aa)/suma .GT. epsilon) THEN
PRINT *,'Failed Validation on array a()'
PRINT *,'Target Sum of a is = ',aa
PRINT *,'Computed Sum of a is = ',suma
ELSEIF (ABS(sumb-bb)/sumb .GT. epsilon) THEN
PRINT *,'Failed Validation on array b()'
PRINT *,'Target Sum of b is = ',bb
PRINT *,'Computed Sum of b is = ',sumb
ELSEIF (ABS(sumc-cc)/sumc .GT. epsilon) THEN
PRINT *,'Failed Validation on array c()'
PRINT *,'Target Sum of c is = ',cc
PRINT *,'Computed Sum of c is = ',sumc
ELSE
PRINT *,'Solution Validates!'
ENDIF
END